IF I SEEK US
Imminent Fulfillment,  Immortality,  Safety, Empowerment, Equality, Knowledge,  Unity, Society

Intelligent, reasonable men of good will SHOULD be able to agree on things that matter.

"There are a thousand hacking at the branches of evil to
  one who is striking at the root." - Henry David Thoreau
Site Sections, Subject List, Reading Sequence, and Article Synopses

Geophysics Links

   Geology
Origin of Modern Geology
Origin of Grand Canyon I
Origin of Grand Canyon II
Niagara Falls Escarpment
Uniformitarianism
   Comets & Disasters
Electric Comets
Great Chicago Fire I
Great Chicago Fire II
Great Chicago Fire III
Tunguska Event I
Tunguska Event II
CE Comet Review Links
   Meteorology
Electric Waterspouts
Electric Tornadoes
Electric Hurricanes
   Craters & Rilles
Meteor Crater
Hole in the Ground
Richat Crater
Richat Crater Revisited I
Richat Crater Revisited II
Chicxulub Crater
Craters & Rilles
The Moon & Rilles I
The Moon & Rilles II
The Moon & Rilles III
Olympus Mons
Olympus Mons Caldera
Rampart Craters
Stickney Crater
Valles Marineris
Valles Marineris Message
Victoria Crater
Victoria Crater Dunes
   Miscellaneous
Antarctic Fossil Questions
Electric Earth
Sahara Desertification

The second relevant discipline dealing with inorganic materials is geology.  Velikovsky considered its problems the most imperative and turned to them after finishing Worlds in Collision.  Earth in Upheaval has left no doubt that the house of geology needs to be rebuilt from the cellar up.. - William Mullen, Pensee Vol I

Geology of the Niagara Falls Escarpment
Michael Armstrong

Since a team of scientists claims it has found new evidence that a comet triggered a major catastrophe just 12,900 years ago when humans were around to experience it, it is appropriate to visit and relate the geological issue of the Niagara Falls escarpment and its features. See other articles on cometary catastrophes

The Niagara Escarpment can be seen as being part of a larger system of electrical scarring. Considering that the Bruce Trail Guide describes the Niagara Gorge as being "carved by the Niagara River over approximately the last 13,000 years following glaciation", this would give the age of the entire system 13,000 years. This is in very close agreement with the date given in the article for the catastrophe of 12,900 years. (The dates may be invalid due to problematical dating methods, but since the dates are the same, that shouldn't be an issue here.)

You can familiarize yourself with the Niagara Escarpment and issues by looking at the following sites:
https://infogalactic.com/info/Niagara_Escarpment
http://www.iaw.com/~falls/origins.html

Unfortunately for geologists, the cuesta or homoclinal  ridge explanation ignores many facts which seem to contradict their premise:

• The top of the escarpment is very flat, much like a mesa
• Roads that cut through the escarpment expose the rock layering. These layers are typically not tilted but generally follow the contour of the land surface
• The escarpment roughly forms an arc around Lake Michigan and Lake Huron
• The Scarborough Bluffs, an escarpment on the north shore of Lake Ontario, faces the Niagara Escarpment on the south-west shore of Lake Ontario. The height of the Scarborough Bluffs is about that of the Niagara Escarpment. The only mainstream explanation offered for its formation is a glacial shore scoured by a rogue ice berg. Ice berg scouring has also been blamed for other cliffs at other sites where we should suspect or confirm  electrical scarring.

See also: https://infogalactic.com/info/Scarborough_Bluffs

Two theories are used to explain the many crevices and caves in the face of the escarpment:

• a glacial lake eroding the softer underbelly of the escarpment
• porous dolostones are dissolved, creating karst features

The crevices seen in the Georgetown area look more like electrical scars than dissolved dolostone.

The Niagara Escarpment has the following features that are characteristic of electrical scarring:

• semi-circular arc of a concentric crater surrounding Lake Huron/Michigan crater. (The cliffs face away from the centre ruling out the conventional crater explanation.)
• steep, all but vertical cliffs
• crater terminating a channel: i.e., termination of the St. Lawrence River Lowlands, in which the St. Lawrence River has conveniently made its home. The other end of the SLR lowlands also terminates in a circular crater with Prince Edward Island forming a similar interior rim. Note, the Gulf of St.Lawrence obscures a shelf off the coast of Quebec that completes the circular appearance of the crater.
• proximity to mineral deposits (Sudbury: home of the neutrino detector. "A Nature Guide to Ontario" states "The mysterious Sudbury structure, an oval-shaped basin measuring 27 km by 60 km, probably originated through the impact of a meteorite. Sediments subsequently collected in the basin, and nickel-bearing igneous rock was later forced to the surface along the crater's rim."
• many fossilized remains

The traditional explanations beg for the following questions and more:

• why is there a circular depression causing the land to tilt radially?
• how were Lake Michigan and Lake Huron able to penetrate the hard dolomite top layer?
• why would they erode the top layer from the inside into a circular arc?
• why would a tilted plate of land be eroded from the outside into a circular arc? Why would water excavate a cave/crevice rather than merely eroding the mouth of the cave further?

One of the long term goals of the Thunderbolts Group is to find convincing evidence of a geologic landform that is easily explained by electrical processes and yet defies the logic of the prevailing theories. The Niagara Escarpment seems to fill this role quite nicely.

A multitude of glacial juggernauts have been used to explain the majority of geological features in Ontario. Upon closer examination these explanations often contradict the surrounding geography. Whereas, the electrical explanation provides a consistent explanation. Here is another example:

Flower Pot Island is in the middle of the Niagara Escarpment arc at the end of the Bruce peninsula which separates Georgian Bay from Lake Huron. It has many characteristics that should be reexamined.

A description and picture can be found at http://www.brucepeninsula.org/flowerpot.htm and also at http://infogalactic.com/info/Flowerpot_Island , which also attempts to explain its formation. Off the coast of Flowerpot Island are two sea stacks , pictured at http://www.out-there.com/bruce.htm. One is 7 meters high and the other is 12 meters high. Sea stacks are supposedly formed when part of a headland is eroded leaving a small island or when a natural arch collapses. See: http://infogalactic.com/info/Stack_(geology)

You would expect that a sea stack would not stand up to a glacial onslaught, and consequently, this island single-handedly discredits the cuesta explanation for the Niagara Escarpment. If the escarpment was formed as a result of a tilt of the land, then why would this patch of land be completely isolated. Other theories don't fare much better:

• glacial lake shoreline
• glacial carving
• and the unconventional cataclysmic flooding.

The map of Flowerpot island http://www.blueheronco.com/flomap.htm reveals four separate bluffs, two of which could have also been sea stacks if the water levels were higher. The shape and number of bluffs casts doubt on the headland eroding theory and also the natural arch collapsing theory.

Other notable features on the map include:

• the cave is on the main island and faces the larger flowerpot.
• Beachy Cove is directly in front of a channel between two bluffs and a Marl Bed (calcium carbonate) lies in the channel.

There is at least one other sea stack which is less than 20 km south of Flowerpot Island. Another peculiar feature of the area is that there are several underground streams which feed into inland lakes

The two different interpretations will leave different signatures to look for. It's not being suggested here that absolutely everything is electrically produced or that nothing is a legitimate graben. But arbitrarily applying a single explanation to everything, electrical or non-electrical, is dangerous insofar as it excludes other possibilities. And all options should be looked at and distinguishing characteristics should be noted and LOOKED FOR if/when possible. One of the obstacles that the electric discharge machining model faces is that geologists propose multiple implausible explanations for the same geological feature. Any arguments against the traditional theory must then go to the trouble of ruling out every one of the implausible explanations.

Further areas of investigation should also include noting patterns of geological features that often occur together that have an electrical interpretation. Possible evidence that contradicts the traditional explanation is that at least some of them don't look at all like water or chemical erosion.

For even more convincing evidence of electrical scarring on Devon Island, one should take a few steps back from the map and look at the bigger picture.  There appears to be a prominent crater chain forming Hudson Bay and James Bay. Notice the circular shoreline. Less substantial craters in the vicinity include Ungava Bay and Foxe Basin.

Now take a few more steps back and you will notice that ALL of the large lakes in North America form a ring centered around Hudson Bay. Notice also that Gulf of St. Lawrence, Labrador Sea, Baffin Bay and Amundsen Gulf are also part of this ring. In fact, Hudson Bay is completely encircled by a ring of water, which would be indicative of a concentric crater system.

 Looking at the geography in the vicinity of the outer ring is also interesting. Here you will find:

• Devon island
• the Niagara Escarpment which extends over 750 kilometres in length and includes Niagara Falls
• Prince Edward Island appears to be just inside a circular crater where Nova Scotia forms part of the exterior rim
• Gros Morne National park (in NewFoundland) where there are spectacular U-shaped valleys and many other candidates for electrical scarring. Most of NewFoundland has very rugged landscape.
• the north shore of Lake Superior is also rugged especially Sleeping Giant Provincial Park near Thunder Bay
• there are also many "kettle lakes" in Southern Ontario and likely throughout the entire region,

"Kettle lake" is a euphemism for a crater within a rille, and much of the geography in the area seemingly begs for a major electrical discharge scarring (craters and rilles) interpretation. Within the ring there is also Manicougan, a circular lake with a circular island. Looking around for more, one can note the circular Arctic Ocean above Devon Island, which is coincidentally at the North Pole where you would expect to have major electrical activity. The following links demonstrate the above points:

• Arctic Ocean: http://www.expanding-earth.org/page_10.htm
• Hudson Bay: http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2006/10/25/hudsonbay_pla.html?category=earth&guid=20061025170030
• non-impact sites: http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/planets/impact-No.htm - non-impact implies electrical.  Also, Lake Michigan and Lake Huron form an incomplete circular crater ring
• terrestrial craters: http://www.solarviews.com/eng/tercrate.htm - notice that four of the craters listed are in the Eastern part of Canada

Home   Site Sections   Article Map   Contact   Store   Contributions   Survey